Two Phases of the Hess Algebraic Decomposition Method Utilized for Watermarking System

Abstract

Some mathematical areas are related to or to be part of computer science. In particular, linear algebra represents a significant tool for increasing the security of digital watermarking systems. On the other hand, with the evolution of social networks, the necessitate of providing information security methods becomes increasingly significant. Therefore, decomposition methods should be studied and analyzed for presenting more secure and appropriate systems. In this paper, since the images represent the most common and widely utilized visual formats, watermarking systems of images relying on algebraic decomposition methods have been proposed. Two phases of the algebraic Hessenberg decomposition are implemented on the original images to show the impact of the matrix decomposition in the embedding process. These two phases are used in two systems, the first one depended on the algebraic Hessenberg decomposition method only and the second used the DWT in addition. The obtained results have been evaluated to show the difference between the utilization of the decomposition method or not.